Surveys of global relief classes are important for understanding the morphology and land processes of Earth's surface. This study proposes a novel framework integrating the accumulated slope and a new surface relief index for global relief classification (GRC) with 1 arcsec resolution. This dataset can provide abundant and detailed land surface information for the field of Earth sciences.

The management and conservation of lakes should be conducted in the context of catchments because lakes collect water and materials from their upstream catchments. This study constructed the first dataset of lake-catchment characteristics for 1525 lakes with an area from 0.2 to 4503 km² on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), which provides exciting opportunities for lake studies in a spatially explicit context and promotes the development of landscape limnology on the TP.